Article – written scientific or journalistic exposure (at lower scale) on a political, economic, scientific, etc. topic (Metadata to article peri-text: author, title, abstract, keywords, journal, year of publication, the magazine number, pages, bibliography, notes, etc.).

Articles in journals indexed in other international DB – articles published in other international databases (eg., from the list of indexed databases by fields).

Articles in SCOPUS journals – articles published in journals and conference proceedings included in database SCOPUS. This database includes scientific treatises, abstracts and registrations of patents [31].

Articles in Thomson ISI journals – articles published in a journal included in the databases of Thomson Reuters company.

Average gross monthly earning represents the relation between the gross amounts calculated for employees by the economic and social units (remuneration fund) during the period of reference, regardless of the period of time for which these are due, and the average number of employees, taken as basis for calculating the salary. The earning includes gross payments in monetary means or in kind, provided to employees, as a rule, over regular intervals of time, for the worked time and carried out work. The salary includes also the payments for the non-worked paid time, annual, seasonal bonuses of any other awards granted not regularly
[1].

Average net monthly earning represents the relation between the gross amounts calculated for employees by the economic and social units during the period of reference (remuneration fund), regardless of the period of time for which these are due, except for the: income tax for natural persons’/ employees’ income and the individual contributions of state compulsory social insurance; individual premiums for health compulsory insurance (according to the in force quotas) and the average number of employees, taken as basis for calculating the salary [1].

Business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) – covers R&D activities carried out in the business-sector by performing firms and institutes, regardless of the origin of funding [14].

Business enterprise sector includes: all firms, organisations and institutions whose primary activity is the production of goods and services for sale to the general public at an economically significant price [13].

Business environment – competitive environment operating on basis of the market rules, in which many competitors are struggling, the changes are fast and important, so understanding and immediate adaptation is essential [34].

Citation – in the literary sense, any written or spoken reference to an authority or precedent or to the verbatim words of another speaker or writer. In library usage, a written reference to a specific work or portion of a work (book, article, dissertation, report, musical composition, etc.) produced by a particular author, editor, composer, etc., clearly identifying the document in which the work is to be found. The frequency with which a work is cited is sometimes considered a measure of its importance in the literature of the field. Citation format varies from one field of study to another but includes at a minimum author, title, and publication date. [24, 25].

Community programs – programs announced and funded by the European Union (EU).

Digital content – any information that is available in the Internet (or other networks) for retrieval by the user, including web pages, images, music, documents, audio and video cards, drivers and software downloads, as well as educational and training materials [40].

Digital Heritage – - consists in unique resources in any language and areas of knowledge or human speech. It includes resources on culture, education, science and management, ethnic, legal, medical, etc. information, created digitally or converted into digital format from existing analogue resources. In case where resources are "born digital", these resources exist only in the form of a digital object [42].

Digitisation – suppose digital capture, conversion from analogue to digital form, description and representation of heritage objects and documentation relating thereto, processing, providing access to digitized content and preservation for a long term [40].

Doctor habilitatus employed in research and development - the person engaged in R&D sector who holds scientific degree, awarded after defending thesis, and diploma / or a certificate of equivalence and recognition by empowered public authority.

DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) – database of open access journals, created to increase the visibility and facilitate the access to scientific and academic journals, promoting thus their use and impact.

Electronic services − remote administration of services through information and communications networks.

EPO – European Patent Office.

Expenditure for R&D from external sources – total expenditures from abroad funding for research at the national level. External sources include funding from abroad companies (within the same group, others); foreign governments; the European Union; international organizations; others [32].

Foreign PhD student – - a foreigner who does his/her doctoral studies in the Republic of Moldova.

Foreign researchers – citizens of other countries working in science and innovation sphere of the Republic of Moldova.

Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) – index that appreciates competitiveness of studied economies on a broad range of factors that affect business environment, grouped into three sub-indices, which in turn are classified into 12 pillars, including innovation.

Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) – annual report published by the World Economic Forum, which ranks countries under the Global Competitiveness Index.

Government budget appropriations of outlays for R&D (GBAORD) – measures the funds committed by governments (principally federal/central) for R&D to be carried out domestically or abroad (including by international organisations) [14].

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) is total intramural expenditure on R&D performed on the national territory during a given period. GERD includes R&D performed within a country and funded from abroad but excludes payments for R&D performed abroad. GERD is constructed by adding together the intramural expenditures of the four performing sectors. [13].

Hybrid – (body) originated from a cross between two individuals of species, varieties, types or different races.

Instruments and equipment covers major instruments and equipment acquired for use in the performance of R&D including embodied software. [13].

Instruments and equipment expenditure is a component of capital expenditures. Capital expenditures represent annual gross expenditures on fixed assets used in the R&D programmes of statistical units: land and buildings; instruments and equipment; computer software [39].

International scientific co-publication – a publication that besides a national author has a co-author from outside of the Republic of Moldova.

Interoperability is the ability of systems and organizations to work together, exchange and reuse data.

Interoperability Framework includes Interoperability Platform, regulatory and institutional frameworks, financial aspects etc. [7].

Interoperability Framework Programme is a planning document developed on basis of best practices and recommendations.

Interoperability Platform is the technical solution that facilitates data exchanging.

Journals indexed in other international DB – journals containing in other international databases other than Thomson ISI and SCOPUS.

Journals in DOAJ – journals included in DOAJ database.

JPO – Japan Patent Office

Net Yearly Salary – is the remaining amount after deductions from the total yearly salary [4].

Public R&D expenditures - all R&D expenditures in the government sector (GOVERD) and the higher education sector (HERD). Both GOVERD and HERD according to the Frascati-manual definitions, in national currency and current prices [35].

Patent – official document granted by a authority (state), which gives to a person a distinction, a quality on basis of which has certain special rights. Patent = document that competent state authority release to inventor or person, to whom has assigned his rights and recognizion of their right to exclusively exploit the invention for a while.

Patent – title of protection that gives the holder an exclusive right of exploitation of invention subject and the right to prevent third parties (individuals and businesses) to exploit the object of invention [5].

PhD employed in research and development – the person engaged in R&D sector who holds scientific degree awarded after defending thesis and diploma / or a certificate of equivalence and recognition by the empowered public authority, engaged in research and development activities.

PhD Graduate – person who has completed doctoral studies (third cycle university) with or without qualifying for Ph.D.

PhD thesis / doctoral thesis – publicly defended scientific paper for obtaining PhD / doctor habilitatus degree, ended with diploma issuance by the empowered public authority.

Postdoctoral Studies Graduate – person with PhD in science who has deepen theoretical knowledge and scientific research abilities through postdoctoral study, with or without qualifying for doctor habilitatus. Terms used by the National Bureau of Statistics, National Council for Accreditation and Attestation.

Public-private co-publication – publications involving authors from various public and private business sectors (universities, research institutes, industry etc.).

Public service – a notion of the administrative law refers to general interest activities, coordinated by the government and available to all citizens of given state [43].

Research and development expenditure is the money spent on creative work undertaken on a systematic basis to increase the stock of knowledge and the use of this knowledge to devise new applications [14]

Researchers – are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products processes, methods, and systems, and in the management of the projects concerned [13].

Scientific article – scientific paper published in a scientific journal that presents personal reflections on the subject, promoting both ideas of other researchers in the field and their own [23].

Scientific Heritage – published results of research and experiments, bibliographic and factual databases, information about scientists, their research activities, information on publications, projects, etc., and a large number of nonpublished documents, like reports, letters, memorandum, notes, photos etc. [30].

Scientific journal – scientific journal (accredited) where are published articles that have undergone a process of peer review, according to the Editorial Board guidelines.

Scientific publication – the primary type of text, which contains systematized scientific information, theoretical generalizations and critical analysis of main research results, basic scientific concepts, being written and published on a concrete scientific topic, a writing / scientific work. Scientific publication follows a set of editorial style requirements [23].

SCOPUS journals – journals included in Elsevier SCOPUS databases.

Technician – educated person performing scientific and technical activities in R&D area under the guidance of researchers.

Thomson ISI journals – the journals included in the databases of Thomson Reuters company. They can be: a) Journals of "Master Journal List" - over 16,000 journals collaborating with Thomson Reuters (ISI), company included in 24 databases; b) Indexed journals / ISI - over 12,000 journals from 3 of the 24 ISI databases (Arts & Humanities Citation Index®, Science Citation Index Expanded ™, Social Sciences Citation Index®) forming Web of Science [41] and for which the impact factor is calculated and published in Journal Citation Reports.

Total Yearly Salary = Net yearly Salary received + Employers’ charges (e.g. social security contribution, pension funds) + Employee contribution to social security + Holiday pay + Personal income tax. [4].

USPTO – United States Patent and Trademark Office.

Variety – group of plants or animals belonging to the same species or varieties, with certain morphological or physiological common hereditary characteristics; plant or animal belonging to such a group.

World Economic Forum (WEF) – - non-profit international organization based in Switzerland that organizes economic forums and develops scientific reports.

Young researcher – researcher under 35 age, engaged in research and development activities.